Introduction

The Codex Nuttall is 11.22 meters in length, and is folded into 47 “pages” measuring approximately 24.3 by 18.4 cm. It was probably created around 1500. The codex is painted on both sides. These two different sides are very different in terms of both style and content. The Reverse (pages 42-84) is concerned with a single narrative, the biography of the Mixtec conqueror Lord 8 Deer “Jaguar Claw.” In contrast, the Obverse (pages 1-41) is an “anthology” of several different stories and genealogies, each painted in a distinct style. Mesolore includes two sections from the Obverse: the story of Lady 3 Flint and Lord 12 Wind from pages 14-22, and the connected genealogies of the kings and queens of Tilantongo, Teozacoalco, and Zaachila from pages 23-35. The Codex Nuttall is currently in the British Museum in London. For more information, see the Introduction to the Codex Nuttall Ã’udzavui tutorial.

ca. 1500

Ñudzavui

1,122 cm x 18.4 cm

  • [14.1] Below Cliff of Heaven, Place of Seven Caves, on a stone path, walk Lord 5 Flower and Lady 3 Flint "Shell Quechquemitl - Feathered Serpent." Year 7 Reed, Day 5 Flower (?) is the sacred date.
  • [14.2] Lord 10 Vulture, Bearer of the Shell, the Roll of Paper, and the Flint Staff;
  • [14.3] and Lord 10 Reed, Bearer of the Sacred Bundle, the Fire Drill, and the Bundle Staff;
  • [14.4] emerge from Island of Stone and Island of the Eagle.
  • [14.5] Upon Hill of the Eagle, above Place of the Mountain of Fire, in the Year 4 Flint, on the Day 8 Motion,
  • [14.6] stand the ancient Bearers of the Tobacco Gourds: Lord 10 Rain "Fire-breathing Jaguar" and
  • [14.7] Lord 10 Grass "Fire-breathing Jaguar." Both carry in their hand a precious bowl with an offering of tortillas and tamales.
  • [14.8] Around the Sacred Enclosure of Vapor stand
  • [14.9] Lord 1 Rain "Rain" and
  • [14.10] Lord 7 Rain, holding a torch.
  • [14.11] Lord 2 Reed "Tezcatlipoca," holding a quail, and
  • [14.12] Lord 4 Jaguar "Jaguar-Quetzalcoatl"
  • [14.13] stand within the Enclosure on Mountain of Red Volutes.
  • [14.14] Lord 1 Death "Rain, " surrounded by clouds, and
  • [14.15] Lady 9 Serpent "Blue Garments," surrounded by clouds,
  • [14.16] hover above Snow-Capped Mountains. Below them, between the Snow-Capped Mountains, are the Plant Lords: Lord 7 Death and Lord 7 Reed. Year 7 Flint, Day 8 Motion is the sacred date.
  • [15.17] Lady 3 Flint "Shell Quechquemitl" and
  • [15.18] Lord 5 Flower set out upon a journey to found a kingdom. They are accompanied by
  • [15.19] Lord 10 Reed, with Flint Staff and Sacred Bundle, and
  • [15.20] Lord 10 Vulture, with Bundle Staff and Sacred Bundle, and
  • [15.21] Lord 10 Grass, Bearer of the Tobacco Gourd, and
  • [15.22] Lord 10 Rain, Bearer of the Tobacco Gourd. These last two carry in their hands a precious bowl with an offering of tortillas and tamales.
  • [15.23] [They arrive at a great ceremonial center] Within the River of Flowers Lady 3 Flint has been transformed into a Feathered Serpent. She raises a branch and makes an offering of incense. With reverence she petitions for the favor of conception from Lady 1 Eagle, who is moved by this supplication and presents a disk of jade: Lady 3 Flint is now pregnant.
  • [15.24] Two temples stand near the banks of this river. One is a round altar, roofed and crenellated, dedicated to the Yawi: the portal to the Ballcourt of Darkness.
  • [15.25] The other, near a Cave, the open jaws of the earth,
  • [15.26] is the precious Temple of the Feathered Serpent, which houses the Sacred Bundle of Lord 9 Wind "Flint." Year 10 Reed, Day 7 Rain is the sacred date of this place.
  • [15.27] Nearby, at the foot of the Smoking Mountain of Sand, Yaa Yuta, the Mountain of the West,
  • [15.28] Lady 3 Flint "Shell Quechquemitl" performs a ritual with an incense burner and maguey spine for autosacrifice.
  • [15.29] Lord 10 Wind, a priest, makes an offering of a quail, and
  • [15.30] Lord 10 Reed, a priest, makes an offering of a branch.
  • [15.31] Lord 5 Flower, who is also a priest, draws blood from his ear with an awl of bone, before
  • [15.32] Mountain of Motion and Fire, and
  • [15.33] Mountain of the Place of Emergence, Place of the Throne.
  • [16.34] [The Birth and Peregrination of Lady 3 Flint (Daughter)] At Valley of Crossed Reeds and Tree, of Ash and Flowers,
  • [16.35] Lord 9 Motion, a priest, and
  • [16.36] Lord 10 Wind, a priest
  • [16.37] supervise the heating of a sweatbath in order to bathe the woman who has just given birth. At the same time, an offering is placed within the Valley: a bowl of tortillas and a tamales and two Reed Bundles.
  • [16.38] Year 3 Flint, Day 3 Flint is the sacred date.
  • [16.39] Lady "Shell Quechquemitl–Feathered Serpent," gives birth. Because of the day of her birth, this child is also named Lady 3 Flint, but her nickname is "Jade Quechquemitl."
  • [16.40] Then Lady "Feathered Serpent" enters a mouth of stone, which leads to a subterranean House of Water.
  • [16.41] There she is transformed into a river which flows from the rock; its waters are filled with fish and shellfish.
  • [16.42] At the two banks of the river are two priests: Lord 10 Grass, the ancient Bearer of the Tobacco Gourd; and
  • [16.43] Lord 10 Reed, a priest;
  • [16.44] as well as two gods: Lord 9 Wind "Wind Lord," and
  • [16.45] Lord 7 Flower "Sun."
  • [16.46] Afterwards, Lord 5 Flower and
  • [16.47] his daughter Lady 3 Flint,
  • [16.48] set out on a peregrination. They make their way to Burning Mountain of Venus, where they are received with ceremonious respect by
  • [16.49] Lord 5 Wind, dressed as a priest and offering fire, and
  • [16.50] Lord 5 Eagle, dressed as a priest and offering a quail.
  • [16.51] The Sacred Bundle, the Fire Drill, the Roll of Paper, and the Flint Staff and the Bundle Staff are displayed.
  • [16.52] Year 7 Rabbit, Day 3 Flower is the sacred date.
  • [16.53] The Two-Headed Eagle, the nahual of Lord 10 Alligator, lifts the young Lady 3 Flint and a great shell; she is carried into the air, and she holds onto his talons.
  • [16.54] In this way she arrives at River of the Tree and Hair, where Grandmother 1 Eagle, and
  • [16.55] Grandfather 1 Grass, venerated and enthroned, and
  • [16.56] Lord 4 Deer, and
  • [16.57] Lord 4 Death, seated upon a stone, all receive the young Lady 3 Flint and give her advice.
  • [17.58] Later, young Lady 3 Flint "Jade Quechquemitl," is ritually greeted by
  • [17.59] Lord 7 Rain, "Rain," who makes her an offering of quail, and
  • [17.60] Lord 1 Rain, who makes her an offering of fire, at
  • [17.61] Mountain of the Bundle, Place of the Bundle.
  • [17.62] Next, young Lady 3 Flint goes to
  • [17.63] White Plain,
  • [17.64] where a dog and a quail are sacrificed.
  • [17.65] Here she receives teachings of the three seated upon rocks: Lord 5 Flower, her father,
  • [17.66] and the ancient Bearers of the Tobacco Gourd, Lord 10 Grass and
  • [17.67] Lord 10 Rain.
  • [17.68] Finally, young Lady 3 Flint goes to the river. She makes an offering of copal with an incense burner and with a vessel in the form of the head of the Rain God. There, young Lady 3 Flint is instructed again by
  • [17.69] Lord 4 Deer and
  • [17.70] Lord 4 Death.
  • [17.71] In the Sacred Enclosure, in the City Between the Mountains, A great ceremony takes place, supervised by priests seated upon rocks:
  • [17.72] Lord 7 Reed and
  • [17.73] Lord 4 Motion.
  • [17.74] The ceremony is centered upon a great platform upon which tortillas/splints of wood burn and a tamale smoulders.
  • [17.75] Lord 9 Flower offers and lights the fire, and
  • [17.76] Lord 10 Rain, ancient Bearer of the Tobacco Gourd, offers a quail and a bowl of tortillas and a tamale.
  • [17.77] Before the Altar of the Yawi,
  • [17.78] Lord 9 Alligator holds an incense burner and an awl of bone.
  • [17.79] The Flint Staff and the Bundle Staff are planted before the precious Temple of the Feathered Serpent, containing
  • [17.80] the Sacred Bundle, the Roll of Paper, and the Fire Drill.
  • [17.81] The priest Lord 10 Reed sounds a conch.
  • [17.82] The priest Lord 10 Vulture brings a palm leaf and copal.
  • [17.83] Within a palace, seated on thrones of stone and jaguar skin, are Lord 5 Flower and the young Lady 3 Flint, the new queen. He gives her counsel; he was the priest who trained her.
  • [17.84] Five gods attend Lady 3 Flint's accession: Lord 1 Death "Sun," Lord of the West,
  • [18.85] Lord 2 Dog "Ancient Priest," Lord of the North,
  • [18.86] Lord 9 Wind "Wind Lord," Lord of the Center,
  • [18.87] Lord 7 Flower "Precious Prince," Lord of the East, and
  • [18.88] Lady 9 Grass "Death," Lady of the South.
  • [18.89] The place of the Stars, the Skyband is opened, the place of the Sun and Lord 4 House and Lady 5 Serpent, two ancient ancestors who are venerated upon platforms.
  • [18.90] From this place, on a Sacred Cord which snakes to the earth, descend Lord 3 Flint "Twenty Pearls," with the Flint Staff, and
  • [18.91] the Bearer of the Bundle Staff, and
  • [18.92] Lord 5 Dog "Arrow,"who carries the weapons.
  • [18.93] They follow their master, Lord 12 Wind "Smoking Eye," who carries a temple.
  • [18.94] Year 4 House, Day 7 Wind is the sacred date. When the priest 12 Wind completes his descent the Sacred Bundle, the Roll of Paper, and the Fire Drill are placed over the Place of Emergence
  • [18.95] at River of the Handful of Feathers and of Heaven [Apoala]. There, in a riverside cave Lady 1 Eagle is seated. Lord 5 Vulture has transformed into a Feathered Serpent in order to enter to the river and meet with her. He gives her an offering of tortillas and tamales.
  • [18.96] Behind him, on the bank of the river at White Plain, stand
  • [18.97] Lord 7 Eagle, a priest with an incense burner, and
  • [18.98] Lord 6 Death, who offers fire, and
  • [18.99] Lord 6 Water, with a quail and a bone awl for autosacrifice.
  • [18.100] Meanwhile, Lord 12 Wind "Smoking Eye" offers incense and tobacco. He is followed by
  • [18.101] Lord 9 Motion "Torch of Burning Tobacco," and
  • [18.102] Lord 7 Eagle "Colored Serpent" who carries weapons and the shell.
  • [18.103] They make their offerings at the ceremonial center, before the crenellated altar of the Yawi at the entrance to the Ballcourt of Darkness,
  • [18.104] near the Enclosure where are planted the Flint Staff and the Bundle Staff,
  • [18.105] and by the precious Temple of the Feathered Serpent, where the Sacred Bundle is placed, and below which is the Mouth of the Earth, the Cave.
  • [19a.106] [The Marriage of Lady 3 Flint (Daughter) and Lord 12 Wind] In the Heavens, surrounded by the Stars, above the Moon, above the Sun, Lord 4 Alligator "Plumed Coyote Serpent" and
  • [19a.107] Lord 11 Alligator "Precious Plumed Serpent"
  • [19a.108] present Temple and Fire Drill to Lord 12 Wind "Smoking Eye": these are symbols of the foundation of a kingdom.
  • [19a.109] The Mouth of the Sky is opened; upon the Sacred Cord Lord 12 Wind "Smoking Eye" descends from the Heavens. He is joined by two companions, all surrounded in darkness:
  • [19a.110] Lord 3 Flint is to the left; he carries the Flint Staff;
  • [19a.111] the Bearer of the Bundle Staff is to the right.
  • [19a.112] Year 6 Rabbit, Day 12 Wind is the sacred date.
  • [19a.113] Upon the Sacred Cord which snakes through the air, the Four Priests travel to the earth: Lord 12 Wind "Smoking Eye," bearing the temple, with a rattle-staff in his hand;
  • [19a.114] Lord 5 Dog "Arrow," holding a branch, bearing the Sacred Bundle and the Fire Drill;
  • [19a.115] Lord 9 Motion "Torch of Burning Tobacco," bearing a shell; and
  • [19a.116] Lord 7 Eagle "Colored Serpent" with a palm leaf and an awl for autosacrifice.
  • [19a.117] The Four are received ceremonially, hailed by Lord 10 Grass, Bearer of the Tobacco Gourd, offering a quail,
  • [19a.118] Lord 10 Rain, another Bearer of the Tobacco Gourd, and
  • [19a.119] Lord 12 Lizard, who offers a xicolli, and
  • [19a.120] Lord 12 Vulture, who crosses his arms in reverence.
  • [19a.121] Meanwhile, near the precious Temple, which houses the Sacred Bundle, the Knife of Flint, and the Fire Drill,
  • [19a.122] and near the crenellated altar of the Yawi, the entrance to the Ballcourt of Darkness,
  • [19a.123] is an enclosure between spikes of maize from which the bride emerges from the mouth of the earth. 1 Death is the Sacred Date.
  • [19a.124] Before the Platform of the Vessel of the Rain God,
  • [19a.125] at the Hill of the Wasp, upon a path in the mountains,
  • [19a.126] Lord 6 Death, holding a maguey plant, follows
  • [19a.127] Lord 6 Water, who carries the bride upon his back. As they travel, they are met by
  • [19b.128] Lord 1 Flower, who offers them a xicolli, and
  • [19b.129] Lord 9 Reed "Speared Head," who offers a branch and copal.
  • [19a.130] On the same road a wedding procession advances: Lord 6 Motion, who brings precious flowers;
  • [19b.131] Lord 7 Flower, who carries an incense burner and scepter;
  • [19b.132] Lord 9 Flower, who sounds the conch shell; and
  • [19b.133] Lord 10 Alligator, who carries a torch.
  • [19b.134] Within the mouth of a cave, bride and groom kneel together.
  • [19b.135] Lady 10 House pours water on them from above;
  • [19b.136] Lady 6 Flint pours water on them from above.
  • [19b.137] Year 10 House, Day 2 Eagle is the sacred date.
  • [19b.138] The young Lady 1 Eagle gives the couple a rolled blanket.
  • [19b.139] The bathing takes place at the foot of the White Hill of Flints where the symbols of the kingdom are placed: the Sacred Bundle of the Knife of Flint 9 Wind, the Roll of Paper, and the Fire Drill.
  • [19b.140] The sacred date of this place is Year 8 Flint, Day 8 Motion.
  • [19b.141] Later, when they have been newly-wed, Lord 12 Wind and Lady 3 Flint go to bed within the palace, covered by the blanket given to them by Lady 1 Eagle. Outside
  • [19b.142] Lord 10 Reed guards the Flint Staff, and
  • [19b.143] Lord 10 Vulture guards the Bundle Staff.
  • [19b.144] Lord 10 Rain is enthroned in the center of the scene. An ancient Bearer of the Tobacco Gourd, he makes offerings of a quail and a bowl
  • [19a.145] to the ancient Lord 1 Grass.
  • [19b.146] An offering of reeds bound in paper is placed on the ground.
  • [19a.147] Coming to the marriage festival is a procession of the gods: Lord 13 Flower "Quetzal," with branches and a bag of copal,
  • [19b.148] Lord 1 Alligator "Alligator," with the Flint Staff,
  • [19b.149] Lord 6 Death "Death,"with branches and a bag of copal,
  • [19b.150] Lord 6 Water, with branches and a bone awl for autosacrifice,
  • [19b.151] Lady 13 Flower "Quetzal," with a spindle and weaving batten,
  • [19b.152] Lord 1 Alligator "Star Jaguar," with weapons,
  • [19b.153] Lord 12 Alligator "Double-Headed Eagle," with a branch and a bag of copal, and
  • [19b.154] Lord 10 Alligator "Eagle."
  • [19b.155] All of this has taken place on the first Day, 1 Alligator, at the Great Cliff of the Cave of the Yawi;
  • [19b.156] the place whose sacred date is Year 5 Reed, Day 12 Alligator.
  • [20.157] The marriage of Lady 3 Flint "Jade Quechquemitl" to
  • [20.158] Lord 12 Wind "Smoking Eye" brings about the origin of the Thirteen Plant Lords. Lord 12 Wind and Lady 3 Flint plant and procreate
  • [20.159] Lord Maguey,
  • [20.160] Lord Nopal,
  • [20.161] Lord Trilobe Head,
  • [20.162] the dead Malinalli Grasses,
  • [20.163] Lord Maguey,
  • [20.164] Lord of the Plant with Colored Branches,
  • [20.165] the living Malinalli Grasses,
  • [20.166] Lord of the Tree with Diverse Leaves,
  • [20.167] Lord of the Shrub with Diverse Leaves,
  • [20.168] Grasses that cut,
  • [20.169] the living Palm, and
  • [20.170] the dead Lords of the Palm Leaves, cut and bundled: Lord 13 Jaguar, and
  • [20.171] Lord 13 Grass.
  • [20.172] [The War against the Earth Men] The mortuary bundle of Lord 12 Lizard and
  • [20.173] the mortuary bundle of Lady 12 Vulture are honored
  • [20.174] in the Year 3 Reed, Days 1 Lizard and 6 Dog
  • [20.175] by the ancient Bearer of the Tobacco Gourd, Lord 10 Grass.
  • [20.176] Nearby, the gods battle. Lord 9 Wind "Wind of Death" surrenders to
  • [20.177] Lady 9 Grass "Lady of Death." She is priestess of the Bundle Cult; she battles because of the deaths of Lord 12 Lizard and Lady 12 Vulture.
  • [20.178] Lord 9 Wind "Lord Wind, Knife of Flint" then attacks the Stone Men,
  • [20.179] and captures Lord 8 Motion.
  • [20.180] Another Stone Man, leg pierced by a spear, raises his axe.
  • [20.181] One Stone Man succeeds in driving his spear home;
  • [20.182] he defeats and kills Lord 4 House.
  • [20.183] The body of Lord 4 House is placed in a scaffold
  • [20.184] next to the body of his brother, Lord 3 Monkey, also slain. Their bodies are mummified, dried and smoked in the fire [Both were sons of Lord 12 Lizard and Lady 12 Vulture].
  • [20.185] The ancient priest Lord 10 Rain "Jaguar" sings the brothers a 7 Flower song.
  • [20.186] The sacred dates are Year 3 Reed, Days 6 Dog and 8 Motion.
  • [21.187] [The War of Heaven] From the star-filled Skyband of 4 Alligator and 11 Alligator, the Sky of the Moving Sun,
  • [21.188] a Striped Man descends, armed and dedicated for sacrifice, surrounded in clouds, shouting, hurling a storm to the earth;
  • [21.189] a Striped Man descends, armed and dedicated for sacrifice, surrounded in clouds, hurling a storm to the earth;
  • [21.190] a Striped Man descends, armed and dedicated for sacrifice, surrounded in clouds, hurling a storm to the earth.
  • [21.191] Year 12 Flint, days 12 Flint and 8 Wind are the sacred dates.
  • [21.192] The ancient Bearer of the Tobacco Gourd, Lord 10 Rain, performs the ritual of decapitation,
  • [21.193] joined by the priest Lord 10 Reed, holding a grass knot.
  • [21.194] Fighting against the Striped Men, at Ballcourt of Hill of Flints, are Lord 1 Alligator "Alligator" who captures a Striped Man and takes him prisoner; and
  • [21.195] Lord 9 Wind "Flint Knife" who hurls spears, shouting; and
  • [21.196] Lord 4 Alligator "Double-Headed Eagle."
  • [21.197] [Lord 12 Wind introduces the Bundle Cult to the Mixteca] Lord 12 Wind "Smoking Eye" sets forth on a journey, carrying the Temple of the Sacred Bundle on his back, holding the Flint Staff in his hand.
  • [21.198] He is guided by Lord 3 Flint, the Bearer of the Sacred Bundle holding the Roll of Paper in his hand.
  • [21.199] With an offering of firewood burning upon a rosette of leaves
  • [21.200] the two are received by Lord 4 Alligator "Bloody Eagle,"
  • [21.201] and by his spouse, Lady 1 Death "Sun Fan."
  • [21.202] They are the rulers of the Mountain Where the Sun Rises.
  • [21.203] Here, in this kingdom, a temple for the Sacred Bundle is built, dedicated to Lord 9 Wind.
  • [21.204] In the temple enclosure the Lord 4 Alligator "Bloody Eagle" dedicates the new cult of the Sacred Bundle
  • [21.205] in the Year 1 Reed, on the Day 1 Alligator,
  • [21.206] beneath the Newborn Sun of Lord 1 Death, beneath the Skyband of 4 House and 5 Serpent.
  • [22.207] [Lord 12 Wind carries the Sacred Bundle to Black Mountain] Lord 6 Dog, who carries the Bundle Staff,
  • [22.208] Lord 3 Flint, Bearer of the Temple and of the Fire Drill, and
  • [22.209] Lord 12 Wind "Smoking Eye," bearing the Roll of Paper, all travel to the lands surrounding Black Mountain.
  • [22.210] Meeting them with a ceremonial greeting are the ancient Bearers of the Tobacco Gourd: Lord 10 Rain honors them with the sacrifice of a quail, and
  • [22.211] Lord 10 Grass offers them a fiery torch.
  • [22.212] Nearby, Lady 1 Serpent "Serpent" kneels on the bank of a spring flowing from a Temple to the Feathered Serpent. Year 7 Flint, Day 7 Flint is the Sacred Date.
  • [22.213] Nearby, at the Stone of the Red and White Bundle, Lord 4 Rain and Lady 7 Flower make offerings. Year 1 Reed is the Sacred Date.
  • [22.214] Other places on the slopes of Black Mountain are Place Where the Spear is Thrown, Bloody Town of Night, and
  • [22.215] Ballcourt of Stone.
  • [22.216] Nearby, at the Spring of the Cave of the Tree are the founding couple, Lord 6 Motion and Lady 9 House.
  • [22.217] Beside the Hill of the Rabbit,
  • [22.218] in the Ravine of Mud, are
  • [22.219] Lord 1 Motion and
  • [22.220] Lady 10 House.
  • [22.221] At the Black Mountain are these places: Black Town, Mallanalli Grass, Scorpion.
  • [22.222] On the other side of Black Mountain, the Flint Staff is planted before
  • [22.223] the Temple of Heaven, Temple of the Flints, where the Sacred Bundle is guarded by the effigy of the warrior Lord [9 Wind] "Knife of Flint."
  • [22.224] Year 1 Reed, Day 1 Alligator is the sacred date.
  • [22.225] At the summit of Black Mountain, upon the Platforms, Beside the Water, Lady 1 Serpent "Feathered Serpent" is seated.
  • [22.226] Before her is placed an offering of tortillas and a tamale.
  • [22.227] She gestures across the water to Lord 7 Death "Jaguar."
  • [22.228] Lord 4 Lizard "Rain," seated upon a stone, and
  • [22.229] Lady 8 House "Jaguar" look on.
  • [23.230] [The First Dynasty of the House of Tilantongo] Year 10 Reed, Day 10 House is the sacred date of the
  • [23.231] River Where the Skeletal Stone Man is Pierced by a Spear.
  • [23.232] The couple who found the dynasty of this kingdom are Lord 10 House and
  • [23.233] Lady 1 Grass.
  • [23.234] Their son, Lord 3 Eagle, marries
  • [23.235] Lady 4 Rabbit. Their sons are are born:
  • [23.236] first, Lord 6 Deer "Arrow-Footed," and
  • [23.237] second, Lord 13 Eagle "Jaguar."
  • [23.238] At Town of Hill of the Quechquemitl, Mountain of the Plant, Lord 9 Wind "Stone Skull" and Lady 5 Reed "Jade Quechquemitl" are seated as rulers. Their children are born:
  • [23.239] first, Lord 10 Flower "Jaguar," and
  • [23.240] second, Lord 5 Motion "Bird-Headed Jaguar."
  • [23.241] The first son, Lord 10 Flower "Jaguar," marries Lady 2 Serpent "Serpent." Their children are born:
  • [23.242] first, Lady 12 Jaguar "Jeweled Spiderweb," and
  • [23.243] second Lord 12 Lizard "Arrow-Footed, " born in the Year 5 Reed.
  • [23.244] Enthroned in a palace, Lord 12 Lizard "Arrow-Footed" marries Lady 4 Alligator "Jewel–Face,"and later Lady 4 Flint "Quetzal-Feathered Eagle Head." These two wives are daughters of the sister of Lord 12 Lizard:
  • [23.245] Lady 12 Jaguar "Jeweled Spiderweb" who had married
  • [23.246] Lord 10 Reed "Bearer of the Flint Staff." He was the son of
  • [23.247] Lady 13 Grass and
  • [23.248] Lord 2 Grass,
  • [23.249] founding rulers of the Dynasty of Sheared Cliff [Tamazola],
  • [23.250] the sacred date of which is the Year 8 Reed, Day 4 Jaguar.
  • [23.251] Other children of this dynasty are: second, Lord 9 Monkey "Warband Tail,"
  • [23.252] third, Lord 10 Grass, "Shell-Eye,"
  • [23.253] fourth, Lord 9 Lizard, "Stone Jaguar,"
  • [23.254] fifth, Lady 1 Vulture "Rain Skirt,"
  • [23.255] sixth, Lady 1 Rain "Quechquemitl of Venus,"
  • [23.256] seventh, Lord 10 Flower "Beaked Knife," and
  • [23.257] eighth, Lord 8 Eagle "He Who Discharges Smoke."
  • [24.258] The children of Lord 12 Lizard and his two wives are born: first, Lord 12 Water "Sky Jaguar,"
  • [24.259] second, Lord 5 Motion, "Smoking Sky,"
  • [24.260] third, Lady 3 Motion "Staff of Respect," and
  • [24.261] fourth, Lady 1 Flint "Precious Face."
  • [24.262] Lord 5 Motion "Smoking Sky" marries Lady 2 Grass "Precious Quetzal."
  • [24.263] Both rule from the Hill of the Flower Adornments. In the Year 11 Reed a son is born, dedicated to 9 Reed:
  • [24.264] Lord 2 Rain "Twenty Jaguars" holds the Flint Staff. His birth is marked by arrows and fire: a war, which affects the house of his parents. [His unexpected death ends the First Dynasty of Tilantongo].
  • [24.265] [The genealogy of the mother of conqueror Lord 8 Deer "Jaguar Claw"] The founding couple is seated on the thrones, the mat: Lord 6 Death and
  • [24.266] Lady 6 Water,
  • [24.267] rulers of the City of the Hill of the Face and Tail.
  • [24.268] Year 1 Reed, Day 1 Alligator is the sacred date.
  • [24.269] Their son, Lord 9 Flint, marries Lady 7 Deer "Quechquemitl of Venus." Their children are born:
  • [24.270] first, Lady 11 Water "Precious Bird" [mother of Lord 8 Deer],
  • [24.271] second, Lady 12 Grass "Jade," and
  • [24.272] third, Lady 2 Monkey, "Necklace."
  • [24.273] Lord 9 Lizard marries
  • [24.274] Lady 10 Vulture "Sun Quechquemitl."
  • [24.275] Lord 5 Reed "Knife of War," marries
  • [24.276] Lady 2 Motion "Hummingbird."
  • [25.277] [The genealogy of the father of the conqueror Lord 8 Deer "Jaguar Claw"]. Year 8 Reed, Day 4 Jaguar is the sacred date of
  • [25.278] River of the Red and White Band, Ornament of Flowers, and Drum Place of Emergence of the Stone Man’s Legs Place of Emergence of the Stone Ornament.
  • [25.279] The founders of this dynasty are: Lady 10 Alligator and
  • [25.280] Lord 2 Water.
  • [25.281] These founders rule from the ceremonial center: Lord 2 Water "Ballcourt Serpent" in the Temple of the Shell;
  • [25.282] Lady 10 Alligator "Smoking Eye" in the Temple of the Flower. Their sons are born:
  • [25.283] first, Lord 13 Dog "Bird of Venus," and
  • [25.284] second, Lord 3 Serpent "Bloody Eagle."
  • [25.285] The first son, Lord 13 Dog "Bird of Venus," marries Lady 1 Vulture "Rain Skirt."
  • [25.286] Their son is Lord 5 Alligator. As High Priest of Tilantongo, he meets with three priests wearing xicollis, arrows in their hair:
  • [25.287] the Ancient One, He Who Smokes,
  • [25.288] He of the Beard of Grass, and
  • [25.289] He of the Dog Mask, of the Stars.
  • [25.290] The High Priest Lord 5 Alligator performs autosacrifice before the Sacred Bundle, the Roll of Paper, and the Fire Drill in the Temple of Heaven [Huahi Andehui, in Tilantongo] on the Year 5 Reed, Day 1 Alligator.
  • [25.291] Lord 5 Alligator "Rain–Sun" holds a council. He consults with a priest; they prepare the offerings for the ceremonies of the new pulque in the Year 12 House,Day 7 Motion.
  • [26.292] In the Year 6 Flint, Day 7 Eagle Lord 5 Alligator "Rain–Sun," marries Lady 9 Eagle "Garland of Cacao Flowers." Their children are born:
  • [26.293] first, Lord 12 Motion "Bloody Jaguar" in the Year 7 House,
  • [26.294] second, Lord 3 Water "Heron," and
  • [26.295] third, Lady 6 Lizard "Precious Fan."
  • [26.296] [Later, Lord 5 Alligator "Rain–Sun," weds] Lady 11 Water "Precious Parrot" in the Year 10 House, Day 6 Deer.
  • [26.297] Children are born to this second marriage: first, Lord 8 Deer "Jaguar Claw" in the Year 12 Reed,
  • [26.298] second, Lord 9 Flower "Arrow of Burning Tobacco," in the Year 3 Reed, and
  • [26.299] third, Lady 9 Monkey "Precious Quetzal–Cloud," in the Year 13 Flint.
  • [26.300] [Lord 8 Deer "Jaguar Claw": his wives and his children] Lord 8 Deer "Jaguar Claw" marries; he receives a vessel from the hands of his bride Lady 13 Serpent "Flower Serpent" in the Year 13 Reed, Day 12 Serpent.
  • [26.301] Their children are born: first, Lord 4 Dog "He Who Puts His Hands on a Coyote" in the Year 7 Rabbit,
  • [26.302] second, Lord 4 Alligator "Alligator of Burning Tobacco" in the Year 9 Flint, and
  • [27.303] third, Lady 10 Flower "Rain Spiderweb."
  • [27.304] Other wives of Lord 8 Deer are: first, Lady 10 Vulture "Diamond-patterned Quechquemitl,"
  • [27.305] second, "Lady 6 Wind "Great Feathers of Noble Blood,"
  • [27.306] third, Lady 11 Serpent "White Flower–Jeweled Teeth.
  • [27.307] In the Year 2 House, Day 8 Deer, [Lord 8 Deer "Jaguar Claw" marries] Lady 6 Eagle "Jaguar Spiderweb."
  • [27.308] In the Year 9 Flint a son is born to this marriage: Lord 6 House "Jaguar that Falls From the Sky."
  • [27.309] Later other children of Lord 8 Deer are born: first, Lord 10 Motion "Large-Plumed Eagle," and
  • [27.310] second, Lady 2 Grass "Jewel of Burning Tobacco."
  • [27.311] [The first and second dynasties of Teozacoalco] Lord 5 Dog "Coyote Tail" [king of the first dynasty of Teozacoalco]
  • [28.312] in the Year 9 House, Day 6 Eagle, marries Lady 6 Wind "Large Feathers of Noble Blood."
  • [28.313] Lady 4 Death "Jewel," their daughter, marries
  • [27.314] Lord 4 Dog "He Who Places His Hands Upon a Coyote" [Founder of the second dynasty of Teozacoalco].
  • [27.315] Lady 4 Death "Jewel" gives birth to a son, Lord 13 Dog "Eagle of Venus," in the Year 8 House.
  • [28.316] Lord 13 Dog "Eagle of Venus" marries
  • [28.317] first, Lady 8 Vulture "Stone Quechquemitl," and
  • [28.318] second, Lady 4 Rabbit "Feathers of the Sand." Their sons are born:
  • [28.319] first, Lord 7 Water "Red Eagle" in the Year 7 House, and
  • [28.320] second, Lord 3 Wind "Bloody Banner."
  • [28.321] Of these, Lord 7 Water "Red Eagle" marries
  • [28.322] Lady 11 Water "Precious Serpent." Their sons are born:
  • [28.323] first, Lord 13 Eagle "Rain Tobacco," and
  • [29.324] second, Lord 9 Wind "Yawi-Eagle."
  • [29.325] In the Year 5 Reed [Day 13 Eagle?], Lord 13 Eagle "Rain Tobacco" marries
  • [29.326] Lady 13 Death, "Jade Quechquemitl." Their sons are born:
  • [29.327] first, Lord 2 Wind "Jaguar Skeleton," and
  • [29.328] second, Lord 1 Eagle "Night Serpent."
  • [29.329] [Later, Lord 13 Eagle marries] Lady 10 Deer "Jaguar Quechquemitl." Their children are born:
  • [29.330] first, Lord 2 Flower "Rain with Thunder,"
  • [29.331] second, Lord 8 Serpent "Eagle of Venus,"
  • [29.332] third, Lady 7 House "Serpent."
  • [30.333] Lord 13 Eagle "Rain" also marries
  • [30.334] Lady 8 Reed "Precious Little Girl."
  • [30.335] Their son, Lord 8 Rabbit "Yawi–Fire and Motion in the Temple" is born in the Year 8 House.
  • [30.336] [Lord 13 Eagle then marries other women:] Lady of the Staff of Respect, and
  • [30.337] Lady 11 Motion "Jewel with Quetzal Plumes." To these marriages are born
  • [30.338] first, Lady 10 Deer "Precious Adornment of Flowers," and
  • [30.339] second Lady 13 Rabbit "Turquoise Serpent."
  • [30.340] [Then Lord 13 Eagle marries] Lady 9 Monkey. They have a son,
  • [30.341] Lord 6 Water "Jaguar."
  • [30.342] Of all of these children born to Lord 13 Eagle Lord 8 Rabbit "Yawi," becomes the heir.
  • [30.343] He marries Lady 6 Grass "Skyband Butterfly." Their children are born:
  • [31.344] first, Lord 12 House "Yawi that Penetrates the Sky,"
  • [31.345] second, Lord 1 House "Jaguar that Slaughters the Sky,"
  • [31.346] third, Lord 3 Rabbit "Rain with Thunder,"
  • [31.347] fourth, Lord 8 Dog "He Who Speaks Fire and Blood," and
  • [31.348] fifth, Lady 11 Alligator "Quetzal Spiderweb."
  • [31.349] Of these children Lord 12 House "Yawi that Penetrates the Sky" marries
  • [31.350] Lady 11 Alligator "Quetzal Spiderweb." The children of this brother and sister are:
  • [31.351] first, the warrior Lord 12 Dog "War Serpent,"
  • [31.352] second, Lord 9 Motion "Jeweled Eagle," (who becomes the heir and marries
  • [31.353] Lady 2 Jaguar "Jeweled Spiderweb,)"
  • [31.354] third, Lady 4 Death "Jaguar Quechquemitl,"
  • [31.355] fourth, Lady 1 Eagle "Jade of Respect," and
  • [31.356] fifth, Lady 4 Rabbit, "Quetzal." [Here ends the second dynasty of Teozacoalco].
  • [32.357] [The Third Dynasty of Teozacoalco] Lady 6 Reed "Feathered Serpent" [a princess of Tilantongo] marries
  • [32.358] Lord 2 Dog "String of Flints" [son of Lady 4 Rabbit]. Both found a new dynasty at Teozacoalco. Their children are born:
  • [32.359] first, Lady 6 Water "Jewel of the Flowery Warband,"
  • [32.360] second, Lady 6 Flint "Quetzal Staff of Respect," and
  • [32.361] third, Lord 9 House "Jaguar–Eagle That Falls from the Sky," who marries
  • [32.362] Lady 3 Rabbit "Ñuhu Spiderweb." Their children are born:
  • [32.363] first, Lord 2 Water "Yawi,"
  • [32.364] second, Lord 8 Flint "Jaguar,"
  • [32.365] third, Lady 4 Deer "Jaguar Quechquemitl," and
  • [32.366] fourth, Lady 5 Eagle "Flower Serpent."
  • [32.367] Lord 2 Water marries
  • [32.368] Lady 2 Vulture "Ornament of Jade and Flowers."
  • [32.369] Their daughter is Lady 12 Flower "White Flower of the Ravine."
  • [32.370] [Later, Lord 2 Water marries] Lady 3 Alligator "Precious Fan." Their children are born:
  • [32.371] first, Lord 5 Reed "Twenty Jaguars,"
  • [33.372] second, Lady 12 Reed "Adornment of Jade and Flowers,"
  • [33.373] third, Lord 5 Rain "White Bird,"
  • [33.374] fourth, Lord 8 Wind "Flowered Jewel–Ñuhu," and
  • [33.375] fifth, Lord 10 Vulture "Flaming Yawi."
  • [33.376] [The Dynasty of Zaachila: The Zapotec Nobles] Year 1 Flint, Day 1 Flint is the sacred date at the Temple of Lord 7 Rain, Rain God, Flayed Deity, patron of the Zapotecs at the Bent Cliff of the Tree, of Song, upon the River of the Quetzal. From here comes the Flayed God Dynasty.
  • [33.377] Lady 11 Rabbit "Venus Quechquemitl," and her husband
  • [33.378] Lord 9 Serpent, are the parents of
  • [33.379] Lord 5 Flower, who marries
  • [33.380] Lady 4 Rabbit "Quetzal" [of the dynasty of Teozacoalco]. Their children are:
  • [34.381] first, Lord 2 Dog "Cord of Flints,"
  • [34.382] second, Lady 11 Flint,
  • [34.383] third, Lady 2 Reed "Quetzal of Jade,"
  • [34.384] fourth, Lady 10 Monkey ";Ñuhu–Jeweled Shell,"
  • [34.385] fifth, Lady 2 Vulture, "Blue Fan–Alligator–Tlazolteotl," and
  • [34.386] sixth, Lord 3 Alligator "Smooth Eagle." Lord 3 Alligator is the heir, and he marries two wives:
  • [34.387] first, Lady 12 Flint "Staff of Respect," and
  • [34.388] second, Lady 10 House "Jewel." From this double marriage are born
  • [34.389] first, Lord 1 Grass "He Who Speaks,"
  • [34.390] second, Lord 11 Water "Flint Rain,"
  • [34.391] third, Lady 2 Vulture
  • [34.392] "Lady with a Staff of Respect,"
  • [35.393] fourth, Lord 12 Alligator "Sad Man," and
  • [35.394] fifth, Lady 8 Motion "Yawi." Lady 8 Motion marries her brother, the heir
  • [35.395] Lord 11 Water "Flint Rain," who later marries
  • [35.396] Lady 13 Serpent "Feathered Serpent." Their children are born:
  • [35.397] first, Lady 3 Alligator "Precious Fan,"
  • [35.398] second, Lady 2 Jaguar "Staff of Respect,"
  • [35.399] third, Lord 11 Motion "Eagle Who Arrives at the City of the Vassal,"
  • [35.400] fourth, Lady 7 Alligator "Necklace of Turquoise,"
  • [35.401] fifth, Lord 6 Water "Colored Strips," and
  • [35.402] sixth, Lady 9 Alligator "Butterfly Yawi."